仮定法の現在過去未来すべて勉強したところで、今回はその慣用表現
「いま、もしも〜がなかったら」If it were not for〜
「あのとき、もしも〜がなかったら」If it had not been for〜
から始まる仮定法を練習していきます。
まずは基本の例文から始めましょう!
🔹 ステップ① 基本例文(慣用表現)
① If it were not for ~
👉 「今、もしも〜がなかったら」
(=現在の事実と反対)
1. If it were not for your help, I couldn’t finish this work.
👉 もし今あなたの助けがなかったら、この仕事は終えられない。
2. If it were not for the internet, our lives would be very inconvenient.
👉 もし今インターネットがなかったら、私たちの生活はとても不便だろう。
3. If it were not for his advice, I would be in trouble now.
👉 もし今彼の助言がなかったら、私は今困った状況にあるだろう。
4. If it were not for this map, we would get lost.
👉 もし今この地図がなかったら、私たちは道に迷うだろう。
5. If it were not for the rain, we could play outside.
👉 もし今雨が降っていなければ、私たちは外で遊べるのに。
② If it had not been for ~
👉 「あのとき、もしも〜がなかったら」
(=過去の事実と反対)
6. If it had not been for your advice, I would have failed the exam.
👉 もしあのときあなたの助言がなかったら、試験に失敗していただろう。
7. If it had not been for the rain, the game would have continued.
👉 もしあのとき雨が降らなかったら、試合は続いていただろう。
8. If it had not been for her support, I couldn’t have overcome the problem.
👉 もしあのとき彼女の支えがなかったら、その問題を乗り越えられなかった。
9. If it had not been for the accident, he would have arrived on time.
👉 もしあのとき事故がなかったら、彼は時間通りに到着していただろう。
10. If it had not been for this experience, I would not have grown so much.
👉 もしあの経験がなかったら、私はこれほど成長していなかっただろう。
🔑 ここでの重要整理(超大事)
| 形 | 時間 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| If it were not for ~ | 現在 | 今なかったら |
| If it had not been for ~ | 過去 | あのときなかったら |
※ どちらも
👉 but for ~ に言い換え可能(少し上級)
意味が確認できたらステップ②:穴埋め問題 に進みましょう。
今回は 現在/過去のどちらの仮定かを判断して 入れてもらう練習です。
🔹 ステップ② 穴埋め練習
👉 If it ( ) ~ の形に注意しましょう。
①( ) your help, I would be very busy now.
②( ) the heavy rain, the event would have been held yesterday.
③( ) his support, she would not be so confident now.
④( ) this experience, I would not have learned such an important lesson.
⑤( ) my family, I couldn’t live such a happy life now.
⑥( ) the accident, he would be alive today.
⑦( ) her advice, I would be in trouble now.
⑧( ) the internet, our daily lives would be very inconvenient.
⑨( ) your encouragement, I would have given up at that time.
⑩( ) the bad weather, we would be playing outside now.
🔍 ヒント
- now / today → 現在 → were not for
- yesterday / at that time / would have + p.p. → 過去 → had not been for
では ステップ②の答えと解説 をまとめていきます。
「今の話か/過去の話か」に注目できているかがポイントです。
🔹 ステップ② 解答と解説
① If it were not for your help, I would be very busy now.
解説
- now がある → 現在の仮定
- 現在の事実と反対なので were not for
② If it had not been for the heavy rain, the event would have been held yesterday.
解説
- yesterday / would have been held → 過去の仮定
- 過去の事実と反対 → had not been for
③ If it were not for his support, she would not be so confident now.
解説
- now / so confident now → 現在
- 現在の状態についての仮定 → were not for
④ If it had not been for this experience, I would not have learned such an important lesson.
解説
- would not have learned → 過去完了
- 過去の出来事を振り返る仮定 → had not been for
⑤ If it were not for my family, I couldn’t live such a happy life now.
解説
- now がある → 現在
- 「今、家族がいる」という事実と反対 → were not for
⑥ If it had not been for the accident, he would be alive today.
解説(重要!)
- 原因は 過去(the accident)
- 結果は 現在(alive today)
- しかし原因に注目 → had not been for
👉 混合仮定法っぽいが、この慣用表現ではOK
⑦ If it were not for her advice, I would be in trouble now.
解説
- now → 現在
- 現在の状態を支えている要因 → were not for
⑧ If it were not for the internet, our daily lives would be very inconvenient.
解説
- 一般的な現在の事実
- 「今インターネットがある」前提 → were not for
⑨ If it had not been for your encouragement, I would have given up at that time.
解説
- at that time / would have given up → 過去
- 過去の事実と反対 → had not been for
⑩ If it were not for the bad weather, we would be playing outside now.
解説
- now → 現在
- 現在の行動についての仮定 → were not for
🔑 まとめ(ここ超大事)
| 判断ポイント | 使う形 |
|---|---|
| 今の話 | If it were not for ~ |
| 過去の話 | If it had not been for ~ |
| 原因が過去 | had not been for(⑥が典型) |
次は
了解です!では ステップ③:日本語 → 英語(If it were not for / If it had not been for) の 問題 を出しますね。
※ 今の話か/過去の話か をしっかり判断させるのが狙いです。
🔹 ステップ③ 日本語 → 英語(仮定法)
①もし今あなたがいなかったら、私はとても孤独だろう。
②もしあのとき彼の助言がなかったら、私は間違った選択をしていただろう。
③もし今このアプリがなかったら、仕事はもっと大変だろう。
④もしあのとき雨が降らなかったら、私たちは試合に勝っていただろう。
⑤もし今この地図がなかったら、私たちは迷っているだろう。
⑥もしあの事故がなかったら、彼は今も生きているだろう。
⑦もしあの経験がなかったら、私はここまで成長していなかっただろう。
⑧もし今両親の支えがなかったら、私はこの生活を送れていない。
🔍 ヒント(必要なら)
- 「今」→ were not for
- 「あのとき/〜していただろう」→ had not been for
- ⑥は 原因=過去/結果=現在 に注意!
書けたら、次は
👉 答え+丁寧な解説に進んでいきます。
🔹 ステップ③解答と解説
① If it were not for you, I would be very lonely.
→ 今の状態(lonely)についての仮定なので were not for。現在の事実(あなたがいる)と反対。
② If it had not been for his advice, I would have made the wrong choice.
→ would have made から 過去の仮定。原因も結果も過去なので had not been for。
③ If it were not for this app, my work would be much harder.
→ 現在の仕事の状況についての仮定。今アプリがある事実と反対 → were not for。
④ If it had not been for the rain, we would have won the game.
→ 試合に勝てなかったという 過去の事実 を振り返っている → had not been for。
⑤ If it were not for this map, we would be lost.
→ 「今、迷っていない」状態についての仮定 → were not for。
⑥ If it had not been for the accident, he would be alive now.
→ 原因は 過去(事故)、結果は 現在(alive now)。
原因基準で判断するため had not been for(重要ポイント)。
⑦ If it had not been for that experience, I would not have grown this much.
→ 成長という結果が 過去から現在までの結果。
経験という過去の出来事が原因 → had not been for。
⑧ If it were not for my parents’ support, I couldn’t live this life.
→ 今の生活についての仮定。現在の支えが前提 → were not for。
🔑 最終確認ポイント
- were not for:今の状態・一般的事実
- had not been for:過去の出来事が原因
- 原因が過去なら、結果が現在でも had not been for が来る(⑥)
ここまでお疲れ様でした〜!
\ ワールドトークでマリリン先生のレッスンを受けられます! /













